Paediatrics Search

Paediatrics

Paediatrics

Home News Diseases Conferences Special Reports Multimedia

Plasma xanthine oxidase activity tied to insulin resistance, liver dysfunction in T2DM with MetS

5 days ago

Higher activity of plasma xanthine oxidase appears to be linked to insulin resistance and liver dysfunction among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), according to a recent Japan study.

Original New Drug Application Approvals by US FDA (1 -15 June 2018)

6 days ago

New drug applications approved by US FDA as of 1 - 15 June 2018 which includes New Molecular Entities (NMEs) and new biologics. It does not include Tentative Approvals. Supplemental approvals may have occurred since the original approval date.

Jury still out on whether drinking more water protects against CKD progression

Pearl Toh, 5 days ago

Drinking more water did not significantly slow down the decline in kidney function of patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1 year compared with patients who maintained their daily water intake, the CKD WIT* randomized study suggests.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn tied to higher mortality, sepsis

28 Apr 2018

Rare diseases, under the Singapore law, refer to the illnesses that are “life-threatening and severely debilitating” – and are often not easy to be spotted.

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a common phenomenon in infants with moderate or severe hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), a recent study has shown. Moreover, PPHN is linked to lung disease, sepsis and increased mortality.

Drawing from two randomized trials of therapeutic hypothermia, researchers analysed the information of 303 infants with HIE, of whom 22 percent (n=67; mean gestational age at birth 38.7±1.8 weeks; 57 percent male) had PPHN. Maternal hypertension (6 percent vs 16 percent) and uterine rupture (3 percent vs 13 percent; p<0.05 for both) were all significantly less common in the PPHN group.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (39 percent vs 7 percent), pulmonary haemorrhage (12 percent vs 3 percent), sepsis (12 percent vs 3 percent), cardiac dysfunction by echo (27 percent vs 5 percent), cardiomegaly (15 percent vs 1 percent) and systemic hypotension (65 percent vs 28 percent) were all significantly more common in infants with vs without PPHN (p<0.05 for all).

Patients with PPHN also had a significantly longer duration of hospital stay (26.0±21.3 vs 16.4±14.3 days; p<0.05).

In-hospital mortality was likewise significantly higher in those with PPHN (27 percent vs 16 percent; p<0.05), though the significance was attenuated upon adjusting for baseline HIE severity (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.52; 95 percent CI, 0.76–3.02; p=0.24).

Notably, in those with moderate HIE, the PPHN vs no-PPHN group had significantly higher mortality rates (18 percent vs 8 percent; adjusted OR, 2.73; 1.01–7.39; p=0.048).