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SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, multisystem, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder characterized by formation of autoantibodies directed against self-antigens and immune-complex formation.
It can be diagnosed with a single organ involvement such as lupus nephritis.
It is predominantly diagnosed in females of childbearing age.
Clinical presentation varies in different patients and the disease activity varies over time in a single patient. Majority of patients have arthralgia of the hand.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus References

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  2. Bertsias G, Loannidis JPA, Boletis J, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for international clinical studies including therapeutics. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008 Feb;67(2):195-205. doi: 10.1136/ard.2007.070367. PMID: 17504841
  3. Bertsias GK, Ioannidis JP, Aringer M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010 Dec;69(12):2074-2082. doi: 10.1136/ard.2010.13047. PMID: 20724309
  4. Bertsias GK, Ioannidis JP, Aringer M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric manifestations: report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for clinical affairs. Aug 19, 2010. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010 Dec;69(12):2074-2082. http://ard.bmj.com/content/69/12/2074.full.pdf+html. PMID: 20724309
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  6. Gill JM, Quisel AM, Rocca PV, et al. Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Dec;68(11):2179-2186. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/1201/p2179.pdf. PMID: 14677663
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  12. Yong PFK, D’Cruz DP. Mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of lupus nephritis. Biologics. 2008 Jun;2(2):297-310. PMID: 19707362
  13. Gripenberg-Gahmberg M. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). EBM Guidelines. Evidence-Based Medicine. Helsinki, Finland: Wiley Interscience, John Wiley & Sons; 2006 May
  14. Tassiulas IO, Boumpas DT. Clinical features and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Harris ED Jr, et al. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier W.B. Saunders; 2008
  15. Schmidt MJ, Adams SL. Tendinopathy and bursitis. In: Marx JA, ed-in-chief. Rosen’s emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier; 2009.
  16. Klein-Gitelman MS. Systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, Elsevier; 2007.
  17. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/Pediatrics/33/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/Pediatrics.xml
  18. Hsieh C. Belimumab for systemic lupus erythematosus. American College of Rheumatology website. http://www.rheumatology.org. Accessed 29 Aug 2013.
  19. Bartels CM. Systemic lupus erythematosus. eMedicine. summary/summary.aspx?doc_id= 11044&nbr=005823&string=. 2007
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  22. Klein-Gitelman MS. Systemic lupus erythematosus. eMedicine. seborrheic+AND+dermatitis. 2006
  23. Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D, et al. 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Sep;78(9):1151-1159. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214819. Accessed 10 May 2020. PMID: 31383717
  24. Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Alunno A, et al. 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Jun;78(6):736-745. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215089. Accessed 06 May 2020. PMID: 30926722
  25. Gordon C, Amissah-Arthur MB, Gayed M, et al; British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Audit and Guidelines Working Group. The British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus in adults. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Jan 1;57(1):e1-e45. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex286. PMID: 29029350
  26. Castrejon I, Rua-Figueroa I, Rosario MP, et al. Clinical composite measures of disease activity and damage used to evaluate patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic literature review. Reumatol Clin. Sep-Oct 2014;10(5):309-320. doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2014.01.012. Accessed 13 Jun 2020. PMID: 25022441
  27. Chessa E, Piga M, Floris A, et al. Use of Physician Global Assessment (PGA) in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of its psychometric properties. medRxiv website. https://www.medrxiv.org. 17 Apr 2020. Accessed 13 Jun 2020.
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