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Respirology
Top Medical News
Mental health symptoms of family members of patients hospitalized for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were similar at 12 months regardless of whether it was caused by COVID-19 or not, a prospective cohort study suggests.
Patients with previously untreated, locally advanced, or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may derive benefit from the addition of the novel anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody serplulimab to chemotherapy, according to the final analysis of the phase III ASTRUM-004 study.
Two target trials were emulated to compare the effectiveness of third doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines among US veteran population and across at-risk US veteran populations.
Treatment with either nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir helps reduce mortality and hospitalization in COVID-19 patients infected with the Omicron variant and are at high-risk of progressing to severe disease, as shown in a study.
Visceral fat area (VFA) is a reliable prognostic indicator of muscle mass and is associated with nutritional, immune, and inflammatory status in patients with diverse types of cancer, such as gastric, colorectal, and nonsmall-cell lung cancers (NSCLC), claims a recent study.
People with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) who live near a major road tend to have a faster decrease in lung function, according to a study in Australia. Likewise, increased exposure to fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm, PM2.5) is associated with a higher rate of annual decline in diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLco).
In the phase III INSPIRE study, the novel, potent ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) iruplinalkib conferred a progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in patients with TKI-naïve, locally advanced, or metastatic ALK+ non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Special Reports
Two target trials were emulated to compare the effectiveness of third doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines among US veteran population and across at-risk US veteran populations.
Inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (split virion) 0.5 mL suspension for injection
Ceftazidime 2 g, avibactam 0.5 g powder for concentrate for solution for infusion
Invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis are two of the most common
mould infections, and a growing problem worldwide, particularly amongst those
who are immunocompromised. Despite recent advances in
the clinical understanding of these mould
infections, the mortality rate can increase significantly if these
infections are left untreated. Therefore, there is a need for early diagnosis
and timely therapeutic intervention. However, diagnosis remains a major
challenge owing to atypical or insidious clinical presentation in patients.
In this symposium, Professor Cornely shares his insights on the diagnosis and
management of invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis and his recommendations
for optimising patient outcomes, including his preferred evidence-based
treatment options.
COVID-19 vaccination can reduce the risk of long COVID if given before SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Findings suggest that vaccination before infection confers only partial protection in the post-acute phase of the disease. Hence, reliance on vaccination as a sole mitigation strategy may not optimally reduce long-term health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
In conjunction with the 42nd International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (ISICEM), Pfizer sponsored a symposium addressing the complex challenges of managing invasive mould disease (IMD) in the intensive care unit (ICU), emphasizing the importance of a proactive mindset among intensivists. Using a real-life patient case study, Dr Paula Ramirez from La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain highlighted the significance of early suspicion, swift diagnosis, and timely treatment in critically ill patients with IMD. Professor Gennaro De Pascale from the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy discussed effective management strategies and the clinical evidence for various antifungals in treating IMD in critically ill patients.
A retrospective national cohort study in Singapore assessed hybrid immunity from previous infection and monovalent vaccination against medically attended symptomatic BA.4, BA.5, and XBB reinfections.
This study highlights the immune evasiveness of the XBB variants. All human viruses adapt to become more transmissible, more immune evasive, and less virulent over time, and SARS-CoV-2 is no exception.
Conference Reports
Patients with previously untreated, locally advanced, or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may derive benefit from the addition of the novel anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody serplulimab to chemotherapy, according to the final analysis of the phase III ASTRUM-004 study.
In the phase III INSPIRE study, the novel, potent ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) iruplinalkib conferred a progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in patients with TKI-naïve, locally advanced, or metastatic ALK+ non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Acetazolamide helps to reduce the chances of altitude-related adverse health effects (ARAHE) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a study reported at ERS.
Tacrolimus given once daily significantly reduced the 3-year incidence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) in lung transplant patients compared with standard immunosuppressant in the open label, multicentre, ScanCLAD trial presented at ERS 2023.
In the merged analysis of the IMpower133 trial and IMbrella A open-label extension study, the combination of the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab and a chemotherapy regimen comprising carboplatin and etoposide (CP/ET) demonstrated potential for survival benefit of up to 5 years in patients with extensive stage-small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).
Treatment with dupilumab significantly improves lung function in children with moderate-to-severe type 2 asthma compared with placebo, according to two post hoc analyses presented at ERS 2023.
Two studies presented at ERS 2023 demonstrated the potential of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine to address cardiovascular (CV) risks in individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).
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