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Respirology
Top Medical News
People living with HIV (PLWH) who are hospitalized for COVID-19 are not more likely to die than those without HIV despite having comorbidities associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes, a US study has shown.
Children with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are at heightened risk of developing asthma, and those with asthma are prone to develop GERD, according to a study, which suggests that the two conditions have a bidirectional relationship.
Individuals at high risk for influenza who receive an influenza vaccination may have a reduced risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, according to a retrospective study presented at BCVS* 2020.
Adding tocilizumab to standard-of-care* (SOC) may reduce the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) or death in patients with severe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, the TESEO** study has shown.
Postexposure prophylaxis with baloxavir marboxil reduced influenza incidence in household contacts of patients diagnosed with influenza, according to a study from Japan.
Despite increased community awareness, diagnostic delays persist among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), claims a recent study, noting that those who experience longer diagnostic interval are at higher risk of mortality.
The presence of any atopic disease increases the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease, which rises progressively as the number of atopic disease increases, a study has found.
Special Reports
Oral H1-antihistamines are the initial treatment of choice for allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic urticaria in the primary care setting. However, in a diverse population of patients with AR and urticaria, primary care physicians are faced with the challenge of prescribing the best therapy amid a wide armamentarium of antihistamines available.
Macrolide antibiotics are derived from the Streptomycesspecies. These contain either 14-membered (erythromycin [ERM],clarithromycin [CAM], roxithromycin [RXM]), 15-membered(azithromycin [AZM]) or 16-membered (spiramycin, josamycin,midecamycin) macrocyclic lactone rings. They inhibit proteinsynthesis by reversibly binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)in the 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Traditionally,macrolides are used as first-line agents in respiratory, skin,soft tissue, and urogenital infections, and they are also activeagainst gram-positive cocci and atypical pathogens.
Pneumonia is a common infection– affecting around 3,200 people inSingapore in 2016 – making it the thirdmost common cause of hospitalisation inthe country. Its common complications,especially with delayed or inappropriatetreatment, include bacteraemia andseptic shock, lung abscesses, pleuraleffusions, empyema, pleurisy, respiratoryfailure and renal failure.
The prevalence of allergic diseases in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to rise over the next 20 years, driven by rapid economic development and urbanization. Allergic diseases have high socioeconomic impact by impairing productivity and quality of life, and the impact may be greater in Asia-Pacific than in Europe due to the presence and predominance of perennial allergens.
Hypertension guidelines differ in their recommendation to use beta-blockers as first-line agents. At a Menarini-sponsored symposium held during the Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress 2018 in Taipei, Taiwan, Professor Giuseppe Mancia from the University of Milano-Bicocca in Milan, Italy and Professor Jong-Won Ha from the Yonsei University College of Medicine in Seoul, Korea discussed the rationale behind these recommendations, and reviewed the role of beta-blockers in hypertension management, particularly the role of vasodilatory beta-blocker nebivolol (Nebilet®, Menarini). Professor Lin Jiunn-Lee, APSC 2018 chairman and president of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology, chaired the symposium.
SPIOLTO RESPIMAT - Tiotropium 2.5 mcg, Olodaterol 2.5 mcg inhalation soln - Boehringer Ingelheim
Genetic testing has changed the landscape of lung cancer and every patient needs to undergo testing, says a specialist.
Conference Reports
Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) provided sustained improvements in patients with severe asthma, according to the results of the BT10+* study presented at ERS 2019.
As-needed budesonide–formoterol (ICS* + LABA**) reliever therapy was more effective than maintenance low-dose budesonide plus as-needed terbutaline (maintenance ICS + as-needed SABA***) for preventing severe exacerbations in patients with mild-to-moderate asthma, according to the PRACTICAL study presented at ERS 2019.
Antibiotic prophylaxis with azithromycin in individuals with primary antibody deficiencies (PAD) may lead to a reduced risk of respiratory exacerbations, according to a phase II trial presented at ERS 2019.
Treatment without antibiotic medication does not appear to be inferior to moxifloxacin therapy as regards treatment failure or length of stay (LOS) among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring hospitalization for nonpurulent exacerbation, according to the results of a study presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2019.
About one-third of patients with severe asthma who are on high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are also receiving excessive doses of oral corticosteroids (OCS), reveals a study presented at the ERS 2019 Meeting.
Use of the Zephyr endobronchial valve (EBV) led to significant improvements in a range of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) including multiple domains of respiratory symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in patients with severe emphysema, according to the post hoc results of the LIBERATE* trial presented at ERS 2019.
Dr Helene Kobbernagel expounds on the role of azithromycin in primary ciliary dyskinesia in the BESTCILIA trial.
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