Ophthalmology Search
Ophthalmology Ophthalmology
primary%20open-angle%20glaucoma
PRIMARY OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic, progressive, usually bilateral disease of the eye with an insidious onset.
It is most often characterized by optic nerve damage, defects in the retinal fiber layer and subsequent visual field loss in the absence of underlying ocular disease or congenital abnormalities.
It is generally asymptomatic until it has caused a significant loss of visual field.
Occasionally, patients with very high intraocular pressure may complain of nonspecific headache, discomfort, intermittent blurring of vision or even halos caused by corneal edema.
  1. Broan AM, Garcger CP, Sirbat D, et al. Comparison of two fixed beta-blocker-pilocarpine combinations. The Carteolol-Pilocarpine Study Group. Eur J Ophthalmol. 1997;7(4):351-356. Accessed 10 Feb 2012. PMID: 9457458
  2. Demailly P, Allaire C, Bron V, Trinquand C. Effectiveness and tolerance of beta blocker/pilocarpine combination eye drops in primary open-angle glaucoma and high intraocular pressure. J Glaucoma. 1995 Aug;4(4):235-241. Accessed 10 Feb 2012. PMID: 19920680
  3. South East Asia Interest Group. Asia Pacific glaucoma guidelines. 2nd ed. Sydney, Australia: SEAGIG; 2008
  4. Henderson P, Labbe T, Kass MA. Ocular hypertension. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, Augsburger JJ, et al. Yanoff & Duker: Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby, Inc; 2008
  5. National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care. Glaucoma: Diagnosis and management of chronic open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12145/43887/43887.pdf.April. Apr 2009. Accessed 03 Feb 2012
  6. American Academy of Ophthalmology Glaucoma Panel. Preferred Practice Guidelines. Primary open-angle glaucoma. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology. http://one.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/primary-openangle-glaucoma-suspect-summary-benchma. Oct 2013
  7. American Optometric Association Original Consensus Panel on Care of the Patient with Open-Angle Glaucoma. Optometric clinical practice guideline care of the patient with open-angle glaucoma. American Optometric Association. http://www.aoa.org/documents/CPG-9.pdf. 2010. Accessed 03 Feb 2012
  8. International Council of Ophthalmology. Primary open-angle glaucoma: initial evaluation. International Council of Ophthalmology. http://www.icoph.org/dynamic/attachments/resources/icopoaglaucomainev_2.pdf. 2010. Accessed 04 Feb 2012
  9. International Council of Ophthalmology. Primary open-angle glaucoma: follow-up evaluation. International Council of Ophthalmology. http://www.icoph.org/dynamic/attachments/resources/icopoaglaucomafu_2.pdf. 2010. Accessed 04 Feb 2012
  10. International Council of Ophthalmology. Primary open-angle glaucoma suspect: initial evaluation and follow-up. International Council of Ophthalmology. http://www.icoph.org/dynamic/attachments/resources/icopoagsuspect_2.pdf. 2010. Accessed 06 Feb 2012
  11. Jacobs DS. Open-angle glaucoma: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/open-angle-glaucoma-epidemiology-clinical-presentation-and-diagnosis. 15 Jun 2015.
  12. Jacobs DS. Open-angle glaucoma: treatment. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/open-angle-glaucoma-treatment. 07 Apr 2015.
  13. European Glaucoma Society (EGS). Terminology and guidelines for glaucoma. 4th ed. EGS. http://www.eugs.org/eng/EGS_guidelines4.asp. Jun 2014.
Editor's Recommendations
Most Read Articles
Eye test can help detect early Alzheimer’s
Tristan Manalac, 09 Apr 2019
Parafoveal flow and vessel density (VD) are significantly reduced in individuals with early cognitive impairment and may serve as early biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), according to a recent study.
Retinal neurodegeneration a red flag for dementia
Jairia Dela Cruz, 14 Aug 2018
A thinner retinal nerve fibre layer signals a heightened risk of developing dementia, as shown in two recent studies.
Cyclosporine A cationic emulsion improves keratitis, symptoms, QOL in severe VKC
Stephen Padilla, 29 Apr 2019
High-dose cyclosporine A (CsA) cationic emulsion (CE) is well tolerated and effective in improving keratitis, symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patients with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), according to a phase III study.
Visual impairment and blindness: Trends in multi-ethnic Singapore
Tristan Manalac, 24 May 2019
Presenting and best-corrected bilateral visual impairment (VI) and blindness are uncommon among Singaporeans, according to a new study. Important risk factors include the Malay ethnicity and advanced age and cataracts.