Obstetrics & Gynaecology Search
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Obstetrics & Gynaecology
ovarian%20cancer
OVARIAN CANCER
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries.
It is the 7th most common cancer in women (excluding skin cancer) and the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in developed countries.
The 3 histologic types of ovarian cancer are epithelial (primarily seen in women >50 years of age), germ cell (most commonly seen in women <20 years of age) and sex cord stromal (rare and produces steroid hormones).
The median age at the time of diagnosis is 63 years old and >70% present with advanced disease.

    1. Colombo N, Peiretti M, Parma G, et al. Newly diagnosed and relapsed epithelial ovarian carcinoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Annals of Oncology. 2010 May;21(Supp 5):v23-v30. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdq244. Accessed 07 Sep 2012. PMID: 20555088
    2. Roett MA, Evans P. Ovarian Cancer: An Overview. Am Fam Physician. 2009 Sep;80(6):609-616. PMID: 19817326
    3. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/OBGYN/29/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/OBGYN.xml
    4. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/Cancer-%26-Oncology/6/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/Cancer-Oncology.xml
    5. The Australian Cancer Network and National Breast Cancer Centre. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of women with epithelial ovarian cancer. http://www.nhmrc.gov.au. 2004. Accessed 10 Jun 2013.
    6. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of suspected ovarian masses in premenopausal women. Green-top guideline no. 62. RCOG/BSGE joint guideline. http://www.rcog.org.uk. Nov 2011. Accessed 17 Sep 2012.
    7. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: ovarian cancer including fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer. Version 3.2012. NCCN. http://www.nccn.org. 2012. Accessed 17 Sep 2012.
    8. Cancer Council Victoria. Diagnosing ovarian cancer. http://www.cancervic.org.au. May 2012. Accessed 10 Jun 2013.
    9. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. NICE clinical guideline 22. Ovarian cancer. The recognition and initial management of ovarian cancer. NICE. http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live. Apr 2011.
    10. Merseyside and Cheshire Cancer Network. Medical protocol: ovarian germ cell tumour (OGCT)-management guidelines. Protocol No. ME-01. Nov 2000. Accessed 10 Jun 2013.
    11. American Cancer Society. Ovarian Cancer. http://www.cancer.org. 2012. Accessed 17 Sep 2012.
    12. National Guideline Clearinghouse. Ovarian Carcinoma. Guidelines Summary NG C-8147. Ovarian Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Association of Comprehensive Cancer Centres (ACCC). http://files.i-md.com. Oct 2009.
    13. International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO). FIGO Ovarian cancer staging. Society of Gynecologic Oncology. https://www.sgo.org. Jan 2014. Accessed 30 Jan 2014.
    14. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: ovarian cancer including fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer. Version 3.2014. NCCN. http://www.nccn.org. Accessed 17 Jul 2014.
    15. Sia Su MLL, Toral JAB. Ovarian cancer. In: Society of Gynecologic Oncologists of the Philippines (Foundation), Inc. Clinical Practice Guidelines. 6th edition. Makati City, Philippines: OVT-Graphic Line, Inc; 2012:34-45.
    16. International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2012: estimated cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2012. IARC. http://globocan.iarc.fr.
    17. Himpunan Onkologi Medik Indonesia (HOGI). Pedoman Pelayanan Medik Kanker Ginekologi. Edisi 2. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FKUI; 2011.
    18. Moore RG, McMeekin DS, Brown AK, et al. A novel multiple marker bioassay utilizing HE4 and CA125 for the prediction of ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass. Gynecol Oncol. 2009 Jan;112(1):40-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.08.031. Accessed 24 Feb 2015. PMID: 18851871
    19. Ledermann JA, Raja FA, Fotopoulou C, et al. Newly diagnosed and relapsed epithelial ovarian carcinoma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2013 Oct;24(Suppl 6):vi-24-vi32. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdt333. PMID: 24078660
    20. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: ovarian cancer including fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer version 2.2015. NCCN. http://www.nccn.org. 22 Jun 2015. Accessed 11 Aug 2015.
    21. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: ovarian cancer including fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer version 1.2016. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org. 30 Jun 2016. Accessed 24 Aug 2016.
    22. Prat J; FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology. Staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Jan;124(1):1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.10.001. PMID: 24219974
    23. Denny L, Quinn M. FIGO cancer report 2015. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015 Oct;131(Suppl 2):S75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.06.024. Accessed 08 Dec 2016. PMID: 26433677
    24. Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). TNM classification of malignant tumours – 8th edition. Changes between the 7th and 8th editions. UICC. http://www.uicc.org. Dec 2016. Accessed 19 May 2017.
    25. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: ovarian cancer including fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer version 3.2017. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org. 30 Aug 2017.
    Digital Edition
    Asia's trusted medical magazine for healthcare professionals. Get your MIMS JPOG - Malaysia digital copy today!
    Sign In To Download
    Editor's Recommendations
    Most Read Articles
    Management of Ovarian Masses during Pregnancy
    Vincent YT Cheung, 01 Dec 2015

    Ultrasonography has been widely used as a routine component of antenatal care. During the assessment of the foetus and the placenta, an adnexal mass may be discovered at the time of the ultrasound examination. Occasionally, an adnexal mass can also be suspected either on physical examination or as a result of clinical symptoms.
    Diet quality during pregnancy may influence neonatal adiposity
    Roshini Claire Anthony, 06 Apr 2018

    A better quality of diet during pregnancy is associated with lower neonatal adiposity and longer infant length at birth, according to findings from the GUSTO* study.
    Cycling does not adversely affect sexual, urinary function in females
    07 Apr 2018
    Female cyclists do not have significantly worse urinary or sexual function compared with other athletes, a recent study has shown. However, other genitourinary conditions, such as saddle sores and genital numbness, are associated with cycling and may lead to sexual dysfunction.
    Cervical pessary placement unrelated to preterm births, other complications
    26 Feb 2017
    Placement of cervical pessary in women with short cervices and singleton pregnancies does not lower the risk of having preterm births, according to the results of a meta-analysis.