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mumps
MUMPS
Mumps is a self-limited viral disease characterized by nonsuppurative swelling and tenderness of one or both parotid glands.
It commonly affects the children aged 2-12 years and very uncommon in <1 year of age.
It is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus classified under Paramyxoviridae family or mumps virus.
Transmission is through airborne droplets from respiratory secretion of infected persons.
Incubation period is typically 14-21 days.

Diagnosis

  • Diagnosis is based on clinical findings

History

  • Mumps should be considered in patients presenting w/ parotitis of at least 2 days duration that cannot be attributed to other causes

Laboratory Tests

  • Serologic test is the simplest method of confirming mumps infection
    • Enzyme immunoassay is the commonly used test
    • Presence of IgM antibody is diagnostic; usually detected during the 1st few days of illness & peaked a wk after the onset of illness
    • A fourfold rise in IgG antibody titer in acute- & convalescent-phase serum specimens is also diagnostic
    • IgG testing during the convalescent phase should be done 2 wk after collection of IgM levels
  • Viral isolation is also confirmatory of mumps infection

Complications

  • Orchitis
  • Deafness
  • Meningitis
  • Oophoritis
  • Myocarditis
  • Nephritis
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