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ISCHEMIC STROKE
Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood vessel supplying the brain is obstructed.
Consider stroke in any patient presenting with sudden focal neurological deficit or any alteration in level of consciousness.
Rapid evaluation is essential for sure of time-sensitive treatments.
Determine if patient's symptoms are due to stroke and exclude stroke mimics (eg migraine, hypertensive encephalopathy, hypoglycemia, seizures or post-ictal paresis); identify other conditions requiring immediate intervention and determine the potential causes of stroke.

Lifestyle Modification

  • Consumption of diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and low in fat (especially saturated fat) and sodium
  • Weight loss for overweight patients
  • Regular aerobic exercise ≥30 minutes/day, on most days of the week, depending on patient’s level of fitness
    • A pre-exercise evaluation should be done on stroke survivors to determine contraindications or special medical conditions and neurological complications that may need special attention
  • Moderate intake of alcohol for those who drink alcohol
Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking is a major independent risk factor for ischemic stroke
  • Advise patient to quit smoking and avoid passive or environmental tobacco smoke
  • Intervention initiation should be considered which incorporates behavioral and pharmacological support
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