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MDR UTIs in pregnancy prone to progressing to pyelonephritis

Roshini Claire Anthony, 7 hours ago

Pregnant women with urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria may be at increased risk of developing pyelonephritis, according to a single-centre, retrospective study presented at SMFM 2020.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis could reduce infection risk after C-secs

Roshini Claire Anthony, 2 days ago

The administration of adjunctive azithromycin prior to unscheduled Caesarean sections may reduce post-surgical infection risk, according to a study presented at SMFM 2020.

Timing and causes of death from inflammatory bowel diseases

Tristan Manalac, 2 days ago

Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) seem to die at a younger age than people without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), while those with ulcerative colitis (UC) die later, according to a recent study presented at the Crohn’s and Colitis Congress (CCC) 2020.

Tofacitinib vs bDMARDs in RA: What is the risk of serious infections?

Roshini Claire Anthony, 3 days ago

A recent US-based study showed that the targeted synthetic (ts)DMARD* tofacitinib may not have a higher risk of serious infection compared with all biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs).

Non-timely vaccination common in Singaporean children

Roshini Claire Anthony, 4 days ago

Many children in Singapore may not be vaccinated according to the national recommended immunization schedule, with maternal age, ethnicity, household income, and number of siblings among the factors influencing non-adherence, according to findings from the GUSTO* study.

Isoniazid preventive therapy safe, effective against TB in pregnant women with HIV

5 days ago

Isoniazid preventive therapy is safe to use in pregnant women with HIV, especially those with a CD4 count <350 cells/μl, conferring protection against incident tuberculosis (TB) without deleterious maternal and foetal consequences, a study has shown.

Faecal microbiota transplantation beneficial for survival in patients with refractory SFCDI

5 days ago

An inpatient faecal microbiota transplantation programme yields substantial reductions in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI)-related mortality in patients with refractory severe or fulminant (SF) CDI, a study has found.

Clarithromycin: Beyond its role as an antibiotic

01 Dec 2019

Macrolide antibiotics are derived from the Streptomycesspecies. These contain either 14-membered (erythromycin [ERM],clarithromycin [CAM], roxithromycin [RXM]), 15-membered(azithromycin [AZM]) or 16-membered (spiramycin, josamycin,midecamycin) macrocyclic lactone rings. They inhibit proteinsynthesis by reversibly binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)in the 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Traditionally,macrolides are used as first-line agents in respiratory, skin,soft tissue, and urogenital infections, and they are also activeagainst gram-positive cocci and atypical pathogens.

Dolutegravir: Towards an Optimized Treatment in the Management of HIV

19 Jun 2019

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains as one of the world’s leading causes of mortality in global public health. Dr Charles Hicks shared his insights into the increasing role of dolutegravir (DTG; Tivicay, GSK) – an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) – in HIV therapy during the 4th National AIDS Conference 2018 at Swiss Garden International Hotel and Residences, Kuala Lumpur.

The Evolving Role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 in Women’s Urogenital Health

12 Jun 2019

Urogenital infections remain a major reason for women to visit their family physician and their subsequent referral to obstetrics and gynaecology or urology specialists. The association between abnormal vaginal microbiota and an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), as well as an increased rate of preterm labour, indicates the need to better understand and manage urogenital health in women. Probiotics are “live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host”. As such, there is a sound rationale for using probiotics to maintain female vaginal and bladder health.

Paediatric vaccination improves patient adherence, reduces paediatric mortality

17 Dec 2018

At the 40th Malaysian Paediatric Association Annual Congress held on 6 September 2018 at the Ipoh Convention Centre, Dr Yong Junina Fadzil discussed the applications of a hexavalent vaccine in optimizing paediatric vaccination schedules. Meanwhile, Dato’ Dr Musa Mohd Nordin shared his insights into the paediatric influenza ‘landscape’ in the region and highlighted the importance of regularly vaccinating paediatric patients.

Influenza prophylaxis to reduce complications in high-risk populations

01 Jul 2018

Influenza is a highly contagious viral disease, which is primarily spread through water droplets containing strains of the virus. Dr Leong Chee Loon shares his insights into the management of influenza in Malaysia, highlighting the importance of improving vaccination coverage in populations at high-risk of influenza-related complications, such as elderly patients and healthcare practitioners.

Dolutegravir noninferior to low-dose efavirenz in HIV-1 suppression

Roshini Claire Anthony, 29 Aug 2019

Dolutegravir demonstrated noninferiority to low-dose efavirenz in antiretroviral (ART)-naïve patients with HIV-1 infection in a resource-limited setting, according to the NAMSAL ANRS 12313* study presented at IAS 2019.

Tsepamo: Potential uptick of neural-tube defects with dolutegravir-based ART

Pearl Toh, 22 Aug 2019

Children born to women receiving dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV since conception have an uptick of neural-tube defects compared with those whose mothers took non-dolutegravir ART at conception, additional follow-up data from the Tsepamo surveillance study show.

Dolutegravir-emtricitabine + TAF/TDF combo ADVANCEs as potential HIV-1 treatment

Roshini Claire Anthony, 20 Aug 2019

The combination of emtricitabine and dolutegravir with either a tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-based regimen fared similarly to a TDF-emtricitabine-efavirenz regimen in reducing HIV-1 RNA levels, according to results of the phase III ADVANCE* study presented at IAS 2019.

Fostemsavir shows sustained virologic suppression in resistant HIV

Pearl Toh, 19 Aug 2019

The investigational first-in-class attachment inhibitor prodrug fostemsavir (FTR) continues to improve virologic and immunologic response from weeks 48 to 96 in patients with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 who had been heavily treated, according to the BRIGHTE* study presented at IAS 2019.

Two to TANGO: Dolutegravir-lamivudine combo safe, effective substitute for TAF regimen

Roshini Claire Anthony, 15 Aug 2019

Individuals with HIV-1 who demonstrate virologic suppression on a tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF)-based three- or four-drug regimen (TBR) could safely switch to a two-drug regimen comprising dolutegravir and lamivudine, according to results from the phase III TANGO* study presented at the recent International AIDS Society conference (IAS 2019).

Single-tablet combo regimen fares well in HIV treatment

Audrey Abella, 06 Aug 2019

The guideline-recommended, single-tablet, fixed-dose regimen comprising bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) was noninferior to the dolutegravir and F/TAF (D/F/TAF) regimen in persons living with HIV (PLHIV), according to data presented at IAS 2019.

Monthly cabotegravir-rilpivirine favoured by PLHIV

Audrey Abella, 05 Aug 2019

Persons living with HIV (PLHIV) who received monthly long-acting (LA) intramuscular formulations of the INSTI* cabotegravir and the NNRTI** rilpivirine reported higher levels of treatment satisfaction and treatment acceptance, and greater willingness to continue therapy as opposed to a daily oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen, according to patient-reported outcomes of the ATLAS*** and FLAIR# trials presented at IAS 2019.

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