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Consumption of fructose from sweetened beverages contributes to unfavourable profiles of several cardiometabolic biomarkers, reveals a study.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risks of respiratory and renal diseases vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), researchers from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) have reported.
Combining continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy helps keep blood glucose levels low throughout pregnancy and lower the rate of large for gestational age (LGA) delivery, according to a study.
A recent study has shown that acute sleep deprivation leads to a decrease in blood concentrations of satiety-hormone leptin and to an increase in ghrelin and adiponectin, which induce hunger.
Body mass index (BMI) appears to be the main mediator of the association of sleep apnoea and snoring with type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggests a study.
Combination therapy with metformin and thiazolidinedione appears to be the best performing glucose-lowering medication for preventing atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as shown in a study.
Time-restricted eating does not appear to be more effective than daily calorie restriction in terms of improving intrahepatic triglyceride content, body fat, and metabolic risk factors for adults with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), according to a study.
Special Reports
Empagliflozin is the first SGLT-2i to significantly improve outcomes for patients with HF in any setting (in-hospital/outpatient), across the full spectrum of HF. Results from the EMPULSE trial showed that patients hospitalized for acute HF who were treated with empagliflozin following stabilization had 36% clinical benefit on the composite of mortality, HF events, and KCCQ-TSS improvement. The EMPULSE trial also provides a reassuring safety profile for empagliflozin that is consistent with previous trials.
The selective, oral sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death or worsening heart failure (HF) in patients with HF and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF or HFpEF) in the phase III DELIVER* trial, touted as the largest and most inclusive thus far in this patient group.
Initially approved to improve glycaemic control and reduce cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the SGLT-2* inhibitor empagliflozin reduced hospitalization for heart failure (HFH) or cardiovascular death and delayed renal function decline when added to recommended therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the EMPEROR-Reduced** trial. The EMPEROR-Preserved** trial has now shown that the benefits of empagliflozin extend to patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
HFpEF represents a significant unmet need in CV medicine due to
its prevalence, poor prognosis, and the absence of clinically proven
therapeutic options. The EMPEROR-Preserved trial demonstrated the continuous
clinical benefits in cardiorenal outcomes of empagliflozin in adults with
HFpEF, which were consistent with the observations in adults with HFmrEF/
HFpEF in the EMPEROR-reduced trial. The combined results of the EMPEROR
trials establish empagliflozin’s efficacy in heart failure regardless of
ejection fraction – and if approved, empagliflozin would become the first and
only clinically proven therapy to improve outcomes for the full spectrum of
the disease. Therefore, empagliflozin offers a new hope for people living
with heart failure.
Heart failure with preserved
ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a significant unmet medical need. The
EMPEROR-Preserved trial aimed to assess the impact of empagliflozin on
cardiovascular outcomes in patients with HFpEF. On 27 August 2021, during the
hotline session of the 2021 ESC Virtual Congress, the main results of the
EMPEROR-Preserved trial were presented by Professor Stefan Anker, principal
investigator of the study, and heart failure specialist at Charité Berlin,
Germany.
Various studies have
shown the beneficial effects of the FreeStyle Libre™ flash glucose monitoring
system for the continuous monitoring of glucose levels in type 1 and type 2
diabetes (T1D and T2D) patients. While clinical trials have demonstrated a
reduced time in hypoglycaemia, fewer hypoglycaemic events per day, and
significant reduction in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), real-world data have
shown improved glycaemic control in these patients.
Conference Reports
Ezetimibe plus rosuvastatin reduces liver fat in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the randomized, active-controlled ESSENTIAL trial.
Undergoing a hysterectomy, particularly at a young age, may be associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes, according to a study from France presented at EASD 2022.
A novel, topical formulation of esmolol, a cardio-selective beta-1 adrenergic blocker, may just have landed a spot in the diabetes treatment landscape, as it shows promise as treatment alternative for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).
Using the Steno T1 Risk Engines, the dual SGLT*1 and SGLT2 inhibitor sotagliflozin showed potential in reducing the risk of cardiovascular (CV) and renal disease in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Adding evogliptin, a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, to dapagliflozin and metformin significantly reduced HbA1c level in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study presented at EASD 2022.
Individuals who are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at age ≤40 years have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality than same-aged individuals without T2D or individuals diagnosed with T2D in later life, according to a study from Korea presented at EASD 2022.
Once-weekly injection of tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor antagonist, slowed eGFR* decline and reduced UACR** in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who are at high risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease compared with once-daily insulin glargine (iGlar), according to a prespecified post hoc analysis of the SURPASS-4*** trial presented at EASD 2022.
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