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Endocrinology
Top Medical News
People with hypothyroidism and lower free thyroxine (FT4) levels in the reference range have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), suggests a recent study.
In neonates who have asymptomatic hypoglycaemia in the first 48 hours of life, administering dextrose gel is useful and minimizes requirement for intravenous fluids, as shown in a study.
Intensive management of blood pressure (BP) leads to a significant reduction in cardiovascular events in overweight, obese I, and obese II patients without elevating safety risks, a study has shown.
A diet rich in fat but low in carbohydrates, popularly known as the ketogenic or “keto” diet, offers clinical benefits to patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) in a phase II study. Quality of life (QoL) likewise improved, and so did disability.
A recent meta-analysis offers new proof of different canagliflozin doses for hypertension management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by hypertension. However, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the risk of urinary tract infection must be observed.
The risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality appear to be higher among adults with elevated late nonfasting plasma glucose (PG) levels independently of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), a recent study reports.
Special Reports
HFpEF represents a significant unmet need in CV medicine due to
its prevalence, poor prognosis, and the absence of clinically proven
therapeutic options. The EMPEROR-Preserved trial demonstrated the continuous
clinical benefits in cardiorenal outcomes of empagliflozin in adults with
HFpEF, which were consistent with the observations in adults with HFmrEF/
HFpEF in the EMPEROR-reduced trial. The combined results of the EMPEROR
trials establish empagliflozin’s efficacy in heart failure regardless of
ejection fraction – and if approved, empagliflozin would become the first and
only clinically proven therapy to improve outcomes for the full spectrum of
the disease. Therefore, empagliflozin offers a new hope for people living
with heart failure.
Heart failure with preserved
ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a significant unmet medical need. The
EMPEROR-Preserved trial aimed to assess the impact of empagliflozin on
cardiovascular outcomes in patients with HFpEF. On 27 August 2021, during the
hotline session of the 2021 ESC Virtual Congress, the main results of the
EMPEROR-Preserved trial were presented by Professor Stefan Anker, principal
investigator of the study, and heart failure specialist at Charité Berlin,
Germany.
Various studies have
shown the beneficial effects of the FreeStyle Libre™ flash glucose monitoring
system for the continuous monitoring of glucose levels in type 1 and type 2
diabetes (T1D and T2D) patients. While clinical trials have demonstrated a
reduced time in hypoglycaemia, fewer hypoglycaemic events per day, and
significant reduction in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), real-world data have
shown improved glycaemic control in these patients.
The FreeStyle Libre™ flash glucose
monitoring system includes a sensor which automatically measures and
continuously stores up to 8 hours of glucose readings, allowing patients to
monitor their glucose levels without the need for painful finger pricks.
Physicians play an important role in reviewing and analysing glucose data
that is available through LibreView to support patient management.
Technological advancements have improved glucose
monitoring and diabetes care, as well as empowered patients in self-care. The
introduction of continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGM), such as the
Abbott FreeStyle LibreTM, offers patients an alternative and
additional advantages to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).
Conference Reports
Among patients who had previously undergone ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), the risk of recurrent AF increased with rising body mass index (BMI), according to a study from Denmark presented at EHRA 2022.
Individuals at elevated cardiovascular disease risk (overweight/obese, increased blood pressure levels) may improve the duration and efficiency of their sleep through regular resistance exercise regimens, according to a study presented at the EPI Lifestyle Scientific Sessions 2022.
Individuals who consume a moderate amount of wine with meals may have a reduced risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D), according to a study presented at the EPI Lifestyle Scientific Sessions 2022.
Empagliflozin provides a significant clinical benefit within 90 days and shows no safety concerns in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (HF), according to results of the EMPULSE trial reported at the American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Sessions 2021.
Data presented at AHA 2021 demonstrated the efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid for improving lipid and glycaemic parameters and hsCRP irrespective of metabolic status.
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