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BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
Treatment Guideline Chart
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a histopathological diagnosis characterized by epithelial cell & smooth muscle cell proliferation in the transition zone of the prostate leading to a non-malignant enlargement of the gland, which may result in lower urinary tract symptoms, including voiding and storage symptoms.
It is commonly called enlarged prostate.
The exact cause of BPH is still not well understood.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia References

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  2. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Newer medications for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Research Protocol – Apr 2015. AHQR. http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/search-for-guides-reviews-and-reports/?productid=2067&pageaction=displayproduct. Accessed 24 Aug 2015.
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  4. American Urology Association. American Urology Association Guideline: Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). AUA. https://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia.cfm. Accessed 22 Aug 2015.
  5. Barski D, Richter M, Winter C, et al. Holmium laser ablation of the prostate (HoLAP): intermediate-term results of 144 patients. World J Urol. 2013 Oct;31(5):1253-1259. doi: 10.1007/s00345-012-0901-6. Accessed 20 Aug 2015. PMID: 22782618
  6. Cantrell M, Baye J, Vouri SM. Tadalafil: a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Pharmacotherapy. 2013 Jun;33(6):639-649. doi: 10.1002/phar.1243. Accessed 20 Aug 2015. PMID: 23529917
  7. Chughtai B, Laudano M, Dunphy C, et al. A pilot study of the use of fesoterodine in the management of men with refractory overactive bladder symptoms after surgery for bladder outlet obstruction. Urological Science. 2015 Mar;26(1):38-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urols.2014.06.003. Accessed 26 Aug 2015
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  12. Liu L, Zheng S, Han P, et al. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Urology. 2011 Jan;77(1):123-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2010.07.508. Accessed 20 Aug 2015. PMID: 21195830
  13. Miller MS. Role of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Feb;47(2):278-283. doi: 10.1345/aph.1R528. Accessed 24 Aug 2015. PMID: 23386068
  14. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Prostate enlargement: Benign prostatic hyperplasia. NIDDK. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia-bph/Pages/facts.aspx. Accessed 19 Aug 2015.
  15. National Guideline Clearinghouse. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. NGC. http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=25635. Accessed 22 Apr 2015.
  16. Otsuki H, Kosaka T, Nakamura K, et al. β3-Adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron is effective for overactive bladder that is unresponsive to antimuscarinic treatment or is related to benign prostatic hyperplasia in men. Int Urol Nephrol. 2013 Feb;45(1):53-60. doi: 10.1007/s11255-012-0343-5. Accessed 24 Aug 2015. PMID: 23212147
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  18. Pharmacy Benefits Management Services. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of BPH/LUTS and penile rehabilitation: Evidence summary and recommendations. PBM. http://www.pbm.va.gov/PBM/clinicalguidance/clinicalrecommendations/PDE5I_BPH_LUTS_Evidence_Summary_and_Recommendations.pdf. Dec 2014.. Accessed 20 Aug 2015.
  19. Zhang LT, Park JK. Are phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors effective for the management of lower urinary symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia?. World J Nephrol. 2015 Feb;4(1):138-147. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v4.i1.138. Accessed 20 Aug 2015. PMID: 25664256
  20. University of Maryland Medical Center. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. UMMC. http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia. Accessed 22 Apr 2015.
  21. Christidis D, McGrath S, Perera M, et al. Minimally invasive surgical therapies for benign prostatic hypertrophy: the rise in minimally invasive surgical therapies. Prostate Int. 2017 Jun;5(2):41-46. doi: 10.1016/j.prnil.2017.01.007. PMID: 28593165
  22. Cunningham GR, Kadmon D. Clinical manifestations and diagnostic evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com. Oct 2017.
  23. Cunningham GR, Kadmon D. Medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com. May 2019.
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  25. Foster HE, Barry MJ, Dahm P, et al. Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2018 Sep;200(3):612-619. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.05.048. PMID: 29775639
  26. Gravas S, Cornu JN, Drake MJ, et al. EAU guidelines on management of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), incl. benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). European Association of Urology. https://uroweb.org. 2018.
  27. Han M, Partin AW. Simple prostatectomy: open and robot-assisted laparoscopic approaches. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, et al. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Saunders, Elsevier; 2016. 2535-2542.e1. :2535-2542.e1.
  28. Langan RC. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prim Care. 2019 Jun;46(2):223-232. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2019.02.003. PMID: 31030823
  29. McVary KT, Dahm P, Kohler TS, et al. Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline amendment 2019. J Urol. 2019 Sep;202:1-7. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000319. PMID: 31059668
  30. McNicholas TA, Speakman MJ, Kirby RS. Evaluation and nonsurgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, et al. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Saunders, Elsevier; 2016. 2463-2503.e8. :2463-2503.e8.
  31. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Lower urinary tract symptoms in men: management. NICE. https://www.nice.org.uk. May 2010. Accessed 26 Jul 2019.
  32. Nickel JC, Aaron L, Barkin J, et al. Canadian urological association guideline on male lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia (MLUTS/BPH): 2018 update. Can Urol Assoc J. 2018 Oct;12(10):303-312. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.5616. PMID: 30332601
  33. Oelke M, Bachmann A, Descazeaud A, et al. EAU guidelines on the treatment and follow-up of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms including benign prostatic obstruction. Eur Urol. 2013 Jul;64(1):118-140. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.004. PMID: 23541338
  34. Singapore Urological Association Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Guidelines Committee 2015. Singapore Urological Association clinical guidelines for male lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia. Singapore Med J. 2017 Aug;58(8):473-480. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2017082. PMID: 28848988
  35. Welliver C, McVary KT. Minimally invasive and endoscopic management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, et al. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Saunders, Elsevier; 2016. 2504-2534.e11. :2504-2534.e11.
  36. Elsevier Point of Care. Benign prostatic hypertrophy. ClinicalKey. https://www.clinicalkey.com. 31 Dec 2020.
  37. Parsons JK, Dahm P, Kohler TS, et al. Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline amendment 2020. J Urol. 2020 Oct;204(4):799-804. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001298. Accessed 09 Mar 2021. PMID: 32698710
  38. Lerner LB, McVary KT, Barry MJ, et al. Management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2021 Aug;206(4):806-826. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002183. PMID: 34384237
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