Endocrinology Search
Endocrinology Endocrinology
acromegaly
ACROMEGALY
Acromegaly is a chronic, slowly developing disease with progressive disfigurement and disability. An early diagnosis is difficult as most signs and symptoms are due to long-standing overproduction of growth hormone &/or insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) causing metabolic, endocrine and morphological changes.
Surgical intervention is the first-line of treatment for almost all patients with acromegaly unless there are contraindications or the patient refuses to undergo the procedure.
  1. Ben-Shlomo A, Melmed S. Acromegaly. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2008 Mar;37(1):101-122. PMID: 18226732
  2. Bates B. New acromegaly guidelines target premature, mortality, morbidity. Elsevier Global Medical News. 2009 Feb
  3. Keith E. Acromegaly: a new therapy. Cancer Control. 2002 May;9(3):232-235
  4. Katznelson L, Atkinson JL, Cook DM, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly - 2011 update. Endocr Pract. 2011 Jul;17(4):1-44. www.aace.com. PMID: 21846619
  5. Lamberts SW. Acromegaly and its treatment. J Endocrinol. 1997 Oct;155(Suppl 1):S49-S51. PMID: 9389995
  6. Giustina A, Barkan A, Casanueva FF, et al. Criteria for the cure of acromegaly: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Feb;85(2):526-529. PMID: 10690849
  7. Melmed C, Casanueva FF, Cavagnini F, et al; Acromegaly Treatment Consensus Workshop Participants. Consensus: guidelines for acromegaly management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Sep;87(9):4054-4058. PMID: 12213843
  8. Liuzzi A, Oppizzi G. Evidence of ocreotide subcutaneously in the treatment of acromegaly. J Endocrinol. 1997 Oct;155(Suppl Suppl 1):S61-S65. PMID: 9389999
  9. Melmed S, Colao A, Barkan A, et al. Guidelines for acromegaly management: an update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 May;94(5):1509-1517. PMID: 19208732
  10. Stewart PM. Current therapy for acromegaly. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2000 May;11(4):128-132. PMID: 10754533
  11. Patel YC, Ezzat S, Chik CL, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly: a Canadian perspective. Clin Invest Med. 2000 Jun;23(3):172-187. PMID: 10911548
  12. Trainer PJ, Drake WM, Katznelson L, et al. Treatment of acromegaly with the growth hormone-receptor antagonist pegvisomant. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr;342(16):1171-1177. PMID: 10770982
  13. Zaloga GP, Marik P. AACE Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly. Endocr Pract. 2004 May;10(3):213-225. PMID: 15382339
  14. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/Endocrinology/15/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/Endocrinology.xml
  15. Khabdwala HM. Acromegaly. eMedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/116366-overview. May 2005
  16. Melmed S. Treatment of acromegaly. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-acromegaly?detectedLanguage=en&source=search_result&search=Treatment+of+acromegaly&selectedTitle=1~64&provider=noProvider. 2001
  17. Shim M. Gigantism and acromegaly. eMedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/925446-overview. Mar 2002
  18. The Endocrine Society. Clinical control, anti-tumor and anti-proliferative effects with somatostatin analogues. Medscape. http://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/432080. 2002
  19. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/search.php?qu=acromegaly+gigantism&kid=3&t=Acromegaly&f=c&r=Any&news=1http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/conditions/Acromegaly-News.xml
  20. MedWorm - Acromegalyhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/conditions/Acromegaly-News.xml
  21. AACE Acromegaly Guidelines Task Force. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly. Endocrine Pract. 2004 May;10(3):213-225.
  22. Melmed S, Jameson JL. Disorders of the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. In: Jameson JL. Harrison’s Endocrinology. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010:16-49.
  23. Katznelson L, Laws ER Jr, Melmed S, et al. Acromegaly: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Nov;99(11):3933-3951. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-2700. PMID: 25356808
  24. Chanson P, Salenave S, Kamenicky P, et al. Pituitary tumors: acromegaly. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Oct;23(5):555-574. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.05.010. Accessed 27 Jul 2017. PMID: 19945023
  25. Melmed S. Causes and clinical manifestations of acromegaly. UpToDate. www.uptodate.com. Oct 2015.
  26. Melmed S. Diagnosis of acromegaly. UpToDate. www.uptodate.com. Aug 2015.
  27. Melmed S, Bronstein MD, Chanson P, et al. A consensus statement on acromegaly therapeutic outcomes. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018 Sep;14(9):552-561. doi: 1038/s41574-018-0058-5. PMID: 30050156
  28. Zahr R, Fleseriu M. Updates in diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly. Eur Endocrinol. 2018 Sep;14(2):57-61. doi: 10.17925/EE.2018.14.2.57. PMID: 30349595
  29. Lugo G, Pena L, Cordido F. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acromegaly. Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012:540398. doi: 10.1155/2012/540398. PMID: 22518126
Digital Edition
Asia's trusted medical magazine for healthcare professionals. Get your MIMS Endocrinology - Malaysia digital copy today!
Sign In To Download
Editor's Recommendations
Most Read Articles
Eating red, processed meats does not increase risk of CD recurrence
4 days ago
The consumption of red and processed meats does not seem to affect the likelihood of symptom relapse among Crohn’s disease (CD) patients in relapse, reports a recent study.
Post-delivery antibiotics could reduce infection risk
Roshini Claire Anthony, 10 Jul 2019

Women who receive a single dose of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid within 6 hours of operative vaginal delivery could significantly reduce their postpartum infection risk, according to the UK-based ANODE* trial.

Paternal smoking exposure tied to lower sperm count
Pearl Toh, 2 days ago
In addition to the known evils of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the son’s semen quality, prenatal exposure to paternal smoking can also be harmful, according to data from a large Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) presented at the ESHRE 2019 Meeting.
Metformin improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in overweight adolescents with T1D
4 days ago
Treatment with metformin may improve whole-body and peripheral insulin resistance (IR) in youth who are overweight/obese with type 1 diabetes (T1D), according to a study.